Cells

Review Items

Surface:volume

Prokaryotes, Eukaryotes

Microscopes

Compound light

Transmission electron microscope

Scanning electron microscope

Cell structures

Plasma membrane

Function

Microvilli

Phagocytosis

Cell wall

Nucleus

Function

Nuclear membrane structure

Chromatin/chromosomes

Ribosomes

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Golgi apparatus

Central vacuole

Chloroplast

Mitochondrion

Cytoskeleton

Microtubules

Actin filaments

Intermediate filaments

Prokaryotic cells

Chromosome, nucleoid

Plasmid

Review Questions

1. Tell what happens to the surface:volume ratio of a cell as the cell gets bigger. [answer]
2. The cell wall of plant cells is composed of _______. [answer]
3. State the function of each of the following:

Actin filaments

Cell wall

Central Vacuole

Centrioles

Chloroplast

Cilia, Flagella

Golgi complex

Intermediate filaments

Lysosomes

Microtubules

Mitochondria

Nucleolus

Nucleus

Plasma membrane

Ribosome

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Vesicles

4. Which of the structures in the list above are surrounded by or composed of membranes?
5. Name the structures listed above that are found only in plant cells.
6. Describe the structure of a chloroplast [answer]
7. Write the equation for photosynthesis. Where do these reactions occur? [answer]
8. What are ribosomes made of? How many subunits do they contain? [answer]
9. Vesicles arrive at the golgi complex from the ______. What happens to the contents of these vesicles? What happens to vesicles that pinch off of the golgi complex? [answer]
10. Describe how prokaryotic cells differ from eukaryotic cells. [answer]
11. List structures found in procaryotic cells but not in eucaryotic cells. Name the region where DNA is found in procaryotic cells. [answer]
12. Describe the structure of Cilia and Flagella. What is meant by a 9+2 arrangement?